Immunological Investigation

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Immunological Investigation

Infertility is on the rise. According to the United Nations, there was a worldwide average of 5 children per woman in 1950, but by 2020, that ratio had dropped to 2 children. Infertility affects 48 million couples and 186 million people globally, according to estimates.

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The study of how the immune system and the reproductive system interact and may affect a couple's ability to conceive is known as reproductive immunology.

The immune system's primary function is to defend the body against foreign tissues with genetic makeup that differs from its own, such as bacteria, viruses, or donated organs. Because it contains half of the father's DNA, a foetus also has a unique genetic pattern. Therefore, there is a chance of rejection for an embryo or an early pregnancy. A woman's immune system is naturally modified during pregnancy in order to accept the father's DNA. This is an extremely complicated procedure that occasionally goes awry and makes it difficult to become pregnant or results in miscarriage.

Steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, intralipid infusions, and other immunological drugs have all been explored as therapies. Few of these treatments appear to be evidence-based and effective only in certain situations. The hazards and adverse effects of these medicines could potentially be present.

A woman's immune system is highly complex and controlled during pregnancy in order to accept an embryo with half of its genes from a different person (husband/partner). Sometimes, this procedure can go awry and result in a failed IVF cycle or a subsequent miscarriage. There aren't many selective, evidence-based treatments available.

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